internal/ethapi: handle blobs in API methods (ethereum#28786)

EIP-4844 adds a new transaction type for blobs. Users can submit such transactions via `eth_sendRawTransaction`. In this PR we refrain from adding support to `eth_sendTransaction` and in fact it will fail if the user passes in a blob hash.

However since the chain can handle such transactions it makes sense to allow simulating them. E.g. an L2 operator should be able to simulate submitting a rollup blob and updating the L2 state. Most methods that take in a transaction object should recognize blobs. The change boils down to adding `blobVersionedHashes` and `maxFeePerBlobGas` to `TransactionArgs`. In summary:

- `eth_sendTransaction`: will fail for blob txes
- `eth_signTransaction`: will fail for blob txes

The methods that sign txes does not, as of this PR, add support the for new EIP-4844 transaction types. Resuming the summary:

- `eth_sendRawTransaction`: can send blob txes
- `eth_fillTransaction`: will fill in a blob tx. Note: here we simply fill in normal transaction fields + possibly `maxFeePerBlobGas` when blobs are present. One can imagine a more elaborate set-up where users can submit blobs themselves and we fill in proofs and commitments and such. Left for future PRs if desired.
- `eth_call`: can simulate blob messages
- `eth_estimateGas`: blobs have no effect here. They have a separate unit of gas which is not tunable in the transaction.

core/error.go

@@ -104,4 +104,10 @@ var (
 	// ErrBlobFeeCapTooLow is returned if the transaction fee cap is less than the
 	// blob gas fee of the block.
 	ErrBlobFeeCapTooLow = errors.New("max fee per blob gas less than block blob gas fee")
+
+	// ErrMissingBlobHashes is returned if a blob transaction has no blob hashes.
+	ErrMissingBlobHashes = errors.New("blob transaction missing blob hashes")
+
+	// ErrBlobTxCreate is returned if a blob transaction has no explicit to field.
+	ErrBlobTxCreate = errors.New("blob transaction of type create")
 )

core/state_transition.go

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 package core
 
 import (
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math"
 	"math/big"
@@ -315,8 +314,14 @@ func (st *StateTransition) preCheck() error {
 	}
 	// Check the blob version validity
 	if msg.BlobHashes != nil {
+		// The to field of a blob tx type is mandatory, and a `BlobTx` transaction internally
+		// has it as a non-nillable value, so any msg derived from blob transaction has it non-nil.
+		// However, messages created through RPC (eth_call) don't have this restriction.
+		if msg.To == nil {
+			return ErrBlobTxCreate
+		}
 		if len(msg.BlobHashes) == 0 {
-			return errors.New("blob transaction missing blob hashes")
+			return ErrMissingBlobHashes
 		}
 		for i, hash := range msg.BlobHashes {
 			if hash[0] != params.BlobTxHashVersion {

internal/ethapi/api.go

@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ import (
 // allowed to produce in order to speed up calculations.
 const estimateGasErrorRatio = 0.015
 
+var errBlobTxNotSupported = errors.New("signing blob transactions not supported")
+
 // EthereumAPI provides an API to access Ethereum related information.
 type EthereumAPI struct {
 	b Backend
@@ -471,6 +473,9 @@ func (s *PersonalAccountAPI) SendTransaction(ctx context.Context, args Transacti
 		s.nonceLock.LockAddr(args.from())
 		defer s.nonceLock.UnlockAddr(args.from())
 	}
+	if args.IsEIP4844() {
+		return common.Hash{}, errBlobTxNotSupported
+	}
 	signed, err := s.signTransaction(ctx, &args, passwd)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Warn("Failed transaction send attempt", "from", args.from(), "to", args.To, "value", args.Value.ToInt(), "err", err)
@@ -495,6 +500,9 @@ func (s *PersonalAccountAPI) SignTransaction(ctx context.Context, args Transacti
 	if args.GasPrice == nil && (args.MaxFeePerGas == nil || args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas == nil) {
 		return nil, errors.New("missing gasPrice or maxFeePerGas/maxPriorityFeePerGas")
 	}
+	if args.IsEIP4844() {
+		return nil, errBlobTxNotSupported
+	}
 	if args.Nonce == nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("nonce not specified")
 	}
@@ -1218,6 +1226,7 @@ func DoEstimateGas(ctx context.Context, b Backend, args TransactionArgs, blockNr
 // returns error if the transaction would revert or if there are unexpected failures. The returned
 // value is capped by both `args.Gas` (if non-nil & non-zero) and the backend's RPCGasCap
 // configuration (if non-zero).
+// Note: Required blob gas is not computed in this method.
 func (s *BlockChainAPI) EstimateGas(ctx context.Context, args TransactionArgs, blockNrOrHash *rpc.BlockNumberOrHash, overrides *StateOverride) (hexutil.Uint64, error) {
 	bNrOrHash := rpc.BlockNumberOrHashWithNumber(rpc.LatestBlockNumber)
 	if blockNrOrHash != nil {
@@ -1895,6 +1904,9 @@ func (s *TransactionAPI) SendTransaction(ctx context.Context, args TransactionAr
 		s.nonceLock.LockAddr(args.from())
 		defer s.nonceLock.UnlockAddr(args.from())
 	}
+	if args.IsEIP4844() {
+		return common.Hash{}, errBlobTxNotSupported
+	}
 
 	// Set some sanity defaults and terminate on failure
 	if err := args.setDefaults(ctx, s.b); err != nil {
@@ -1920,6 +1932,7 @@ func (s *TransactionAPI) FillTransaction(ctx context.Context, args TransactionAr
 	}
 	// Assemble the transaction and obtain rlp
 	tx := args.toTransaction()
+	// TODO(s1na): fill in blob proofs, commitments
 	data, err := tx.MarshalBinary()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -1978,6 +1991,9 @@ func (s *TransactionAPI) SignTransaction(ctx context.Context, args TransactionAr
 	if args.GasPrice == nil && (args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas == nil || args.MaxFeePerGas == nil) {
 		return nil, errors.New("missing gasPrice or maxFeePerGas/maxPriorityFeePerGas")
 	}
+	if args.IsEIP4844() {
+		return nil, errBlobTxNotSupported
+	}
 	if args.Nonce == nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("nonce not specified")
 	}