sqlite,test,doc: accept Buffer and URL as paths

[geeksilva97]

Closes #56940

This PR adds the capability to the sqlite module to accept Buffer and URL as the database location.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 88.33333% with 7 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 90.25%. Comparing base (c864dea) to head (7d1111f).
Report is 11 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/node_sqlite.cc	88.33%	2 Missing and 5 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #56991      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   90.33%   90.25%   -0.08%     
==========================================
  Files         630      630              
  Lines      184537   184681     +144     
  Branches    36077    36138      +61     
==========================================
- Hits       166693   166686       -7     
- Misses      10950    11021      +71     
- Partials     6894     6974      +80     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/node_sqlite.cc	78.79% <88.33%> (+0.21%)	⬆️

... and 29 files with indirect coverage changes

[cjihrig]

I think this needs a rebase to fix the CI issue.

cc: @nodejs/sqlite since this PR was opened before the team existed.

[louwers]

You should also check the happy path.

Can you try URL("file://path/to/db.db?mode=ro") and verify that writes error out?

Passing a file:// or file: as URL as a string or Buffer should also be supported.

[geeksilva97]

Done

[geeksilva97]

You can ignore the review by Copilot. I was curious to see if it would generate anything helpful.

There are actual failures on Windows in the CI though:

duration_ms: 385.002
exitcode: 1
severity: fail
stack: |-
  (node:6684) ExperimentalWarning: SQLite is an experimental feature and might change at any time
  (Use `node --trace-warnings ...` to show where the warning was created)
  Can't clean tmpdir: c:\workspace\node-test-binary-windows-js-suites\node\test\.tmp.736
  Files blocking: [ 'database-2.db', 'database-3.db' ]

  c:\workspace\node-test-binary-windows-js-suites\node\test\common\tmpdir.js:80
      throw e;
      ^

  Error: EPERM, Permission denied: \\?\c:\workspace\node-test-binary-windows-js-suites\node\test\.tmp.736 '\\?\c:\workspace\node-test-binary-windows-js-suites\node\test\.tmp.736'
      at Object.rmSync (node:fs:1246:18)
      at rmSync (c:\workspace\node-test-binary-windows-js-suites\node\test\common\tmpdir.js:31:8)
      at onexit (c:\workspace\node-test-binary-windows-js-suites\node\test\common\tmpdir.js:65:5)
      at process.<anonymous> (c:\workspace\node-test-binary-windows-js-suites\node\test\common\tmpdir.js:54:14)
      at process.emit (node:events:519:35) {
    errno: 1,
    code: 'EPERM',
    path: '\\\\?\\c:\\workspace\\node-test-binary-windows-js-suites\\node\\test\\.tmp.736',
    syscall: 'rm'
  }

  Node.js v24.0.0-pre

Thanks, Colin. I had forgotten to close the database connection 😅

[geeksilva97]

I removed the FileURLToPath because it was stripping the query params out. We should keep them since SQLite supports them.

Guaranteeing that a valid URL is given we can return the URL href it is.

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/65462/

[nodejs-github-bot]

Landed in c7cf677