[24.0 backport] c8d/legacybuilder: Fix mismatched image rootfs errors

[vvoland]

• backport: c8d/legacybuilder: Fix mismatched image rootfs errors #46301

- What I did
Fixed CreateImage losing the parent layers when creating a child image.

This fixes failed to export image: mismatched image rootfs and manifest layers errors in integration-cli build tests with c8d enabled (#45232). Although this doesn't make all these tests green, as they now fail due to: #46194.

- How I did it
Clone the passed Image and replace its ID instead of recreating it from scratch (and not setting all needed fields).

- How to verify it
Before

$ make  DOCKER_GRAPHDRIVER=overlayfs TEST_INTEGRATION_USE_SNAPSHOTTER=1  TEST_FILTER='TestBuildAddBadLinks'  test-integration
...
=== RUN   TestDockerCLIBuildSuite/TestBuildAddBadLinks
    docker_cli_build_test.go:998: assertion failed: 
        Command:  /usr/local/cli-integration/docker build -t test-link-absolute .
        ExitCode: 1
        Error:    exit status 1
        Stdout:   Sending build context to Docker daemon   5.12kB


        Step 1/3 : FROM scratch
         ---> 
        Step 2/3 : ADD links.tar /
         ---> 7f60960c7521
        Step 3/3 : ADD foo.txt /symlink/
        
        Stderr:   failed to export image: mismatched image rootfs and manifest layers
        
        
        Failures:
        ExitCode was 1 expected 0
        Expected no error
...

After

$ make  DOCKER_GRAPHDRIVER=overlayfs TEST_INTEGRATION_USE_SNAPSHOTTER=1  TEST_FILTER='TestBuildAddBadLinks'  test-integration
...
--- PASS: TestDockerCLIBuildSuite (3.24s)
    --- PASS: TestDockerCLIBuildSuite/TestBuildAddBadLinks (2.32s)
    --- PASS: TestDockerCLIBuildSuite/TestBuildAddBadLinksVolume (0.92s)
...

- Description for the changelog

- A picture of a cute animal (not mandatory but encouraged)

[thaJeztah]

LGTM

[thaJeztah]

Some unrelated failure;

/usr/bin/docker buildx bake --set dev.cache-from=type=gha,scope=dev --metadata-file /tmp/docker-build-push-cWA6A1/metadata-file dev
error: dial unix /run/buildkit/buildkitd.sock: connect: no such file or directory
ERROR: listing workers for Build: failed to list workers: Unavailable: connection error: desc = "error reading server preface: EOF"
Error: buildx bake failed with: ERROR: listing workers for Build: failed to list workers: Unavailable: connection error: desc = "error reading server preface: EOF"