Fix pylint upstream categories not showing in docs (#10441)

## Summary

The upstream category check here

https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/blob/fd26b299865997fc9a89608d5e090f9c05360997/crates/ruff_linter/src/upstream_categories.rs#L54-L65

was not working because the code is actually "E0001" not "PLE0001", I
changed it so it will detect the upstream category correctly.

I also sorted the upstream categories alphabetically, so that the
document generation will be deterministic.

## Test Plan

I compared the diff before and after the change.

crates/ruff_dev/src/generate_rules_table.rs

@@ -180,8 +180,22 @@ pub(crate) fn generate() -> String {
             .map(|rule| (rule.upstream_category(&linter), rule))
             .into_group_map();
 
+        let mut rules_by_upstream_category: Vec<_> = rules_by_upstream_category.iter().collect();
+
+        // Sort the upstream categories alphabetically by prefix.
+        rules_by_upstream_category.sort_by(|(a, _), (b, _)| {
+            a.as_ref()
+                .map(|category| category.prefix)
+                .unwrap_or_default()
+                .cmp(
+                    b.as_ref()
+                        .map(|category| category.prefix)
+                        .unwrap_or_default(),
+                )
+        });
+
         if rules_by_upstream_category.len() > 1 {
-            for (opt, rules) in &rules_by_upstream_category {
+            for (opt, rules) in rules_by_upstream_category {
                 if opt.is_some() {
                     let UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix { category, prefix } = opt.unwrap();
                     table_out.push_str(&format!("#### {category} ({prefix})"));

crates/ruff_linter/src/upstream_categories.rs

@@ -8,29 +8,19 @@ pub struct UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix {
     pub prefix: &'static str,
 }
 
-const PLC: UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix = UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix {
+const C: UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix = UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix {
     category: "Convention",
-    prefix: "PLC",
+    prefix: "C",
 };
 
-const PLE: UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix = UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix {
+const E: UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix = UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix {
     category: "Error",
-    prefix: "PLE",
+    prefix: "E",
 };
 
-const PLR: UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix = UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix {
+const R: UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix = UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix {
     category: "Refactor",
-    prefix: "PLR",
-};
-
-const PLW: UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix = UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix {
-    category: "Warning",
-    prefix: "PLW",
-};
-
-const E: UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix = UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix {
-    category: "Error",
-    prefix: "E",
+    prefix: "R",
 };
 
 const W: UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix = UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix {
@@ -52,14 +42,14 @@ impl Rule {
                 }
             }
             Linter::Pylint => {
-                if code.starts_with("PLC") {
-                    Some(PLC)
-                } else if code.starts_with("PLE") {
-                    Some(PLE)
-                } else if code.starts_with("PLR") {
-                    Some(PLR)
-                } else if code.starts_with("PLW") {
-                    Some(PLW)
+                if code.starts_with('C') {
+                    Some(C)
+                } else if code.starts_with('E') {
+                    Some(E)
+                } else if code.starts_with('R') {
+                    Some(R)
+                } else if code.starts_with('W') {
+                    Some(W)
                 } else {
                     None
                 }
@@ -73,7 +63,7 @@ impl Linter {
     pub const fn upstream_categories(&self) -> Option<&'static [UpstreamCategoryAndPrefix]> {
         match self {
             Linter::Pycodestyle => Some(&[E, W]),
-            Linter::Pylint => Some(&[PLC, PLE, PLR, PLW]),
+            Linter::Pylint => Some(&[C, E, R, W]),
             _ => None,
         }
     }