Enhancement: Add test-only console warnings to deprecated AST properties

[JoshuaKGoldberg]

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typescript-estree

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Description

From @bradzacher's suggestion in #5384 (comment), which renamed many properties from typeParameters to typeArguments:

Thinking about this in terms of the broader ecosystem and the impacts - I wonder if we want to give consumers one major version to migrate? A hard cut over might be a bit difficult for the ecosystem to come handle as it would involve every single plugin updating their code (which could leave users in an impossible to upgrade state for some time).

How about this: this version we add the new property and we mark the old property as @deprecated, then in v7 we remove the old property entirely.

If we wanted we could also do something like define a getter that throws when in a test environment to help flag plugins that they should migrate.

#5384 kept the old properties as @deprecated but didn't add a getter.

Additional Info

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