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deps: node-gyp@10.2.0
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‎node_modules/.gitignore

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!/mute-stream
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!/negotiator
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!/node-gyp
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!/node-gyp/node_modules/
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/node-gyp/node_modules/*
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!/node-gyp/node_modules/proc-log
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!/nopt
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!/normalize-package-data
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!/npm-audit-report
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{
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".": "10.1.0"
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".": "10.2.0"
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}
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{
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".": "0.18.1"
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}
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rule cc
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command = cc $in $out
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build my.out: cc my.in
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# vs. CMake
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GYP was originally created to generate native IDE project files (Visual Studio, Xcode) for building [Chromium](http://www.chromim.org).
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The functionality of GYP is very similar to the [CMake](http://www.cmake.org)
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build tool. Bradley Nelson wrote up the following description of why the team
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created GYP instead of using CMake. The text below is copied from
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http://www.mail-archive.com/webkit-dev@lists.webkit.org/msg11029.html
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```
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Re: [webkit-dev] CMake as a build system?
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Bradley Nelson
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Mon, 19 Apr 2010 22:38:30 -0700
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Here's the innards of an email with a laundry list of stuff I came up with a
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while back on the gyp-developers list in response to Mike Craddick regarding
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what motivated gyp's development, since we were aware of cmake at the time
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(we'd even started a speculative port):
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I did an exploratory port of portions of Chromium to cmake (I think I got as
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far as net, base, sandbox, and part of webkit).
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There were a number of motivations, not all of which would apply to other
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projects. Also, some of the design of gyp was informed by experience at
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Google with large projects built wholly from source, leading to features
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absent from cmake, but not strictly required for Chromium.
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1. Ability to incrementally transition on Windows. It took us about 6 months
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to switch fully to gyp. Previous attempts to move to scons had taken a long
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time and failed, due to the requirement to transition while in flight. For a
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substantial period of time, we had a hybrid of checked in vcproj and gyp generated
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vcproj. To this day we still have a good number of GUIDs pinned in the gyp files,
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because different parts of our release pipeline have leftover assumptions
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regarding manipulating the raw sln/vcprojs. This transition occurred from
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the bottom up, largely because modules like base were easier to convert, and
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had a lower churn rate. During early stages of the transition, the majority
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of the team wasn't even aware they were using gyp, as it integrated into
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their existing workflow, and only affected modules that had been converted.
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2. Generation of a more 'normal' vcproj file. Gyp attempts, particularly on
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Windows, to generate vcprojs which resemble hand generated projects. It
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doesn't generate any Makefile type projects, but instead produces msvs
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Custom Build Steps and Custom Build Rules. This makes the resulting projects
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easier to understand from the IDE and avoids parts of the IDE that simply
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don't function correctly if you use Makefile projects. Our early hope with
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gyp was to support the least common denominator of features present in each
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of the platform specific project file formats, rather than falling back on
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generated Makefiles/shell scripts to emulate some common abstraction. CMake by
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comparison makes a good faith attempt to use native project features, but
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falls back on generated scripts in order to preserve the same semantics on
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each platforms.
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3. Abstraction on the level of project settings, rather than command line
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flags. In gyp's syntax you can add nearly any option present in a hand
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generated xcode/vcproj file. This allows you to use abstractions built into
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the IDEs rather than reverse engineering them possibly incorrectly for
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things like: manifest generation, precompiled headers, bundle generation.
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When somebody wants to use a particular menu option from msvs, I'm able to
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do a web search on the name of the setting from the IDE and provide them
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with a gyp stanza that does the equivalent. In many cases, not all project
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file constructs correspond to command line flags.
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4. Strong notion of module public/private interface. Gyp allows targets to
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publish a set of direct_dependent_settings, specifying things like
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include_dirs, defines, platforms specific settings, etc. This means that
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when module A depends on module B, it automatically acquires the right build
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settings without module A being filled with assumptions/knowledge of exactly
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how module B is built. Additionally, all of the transitive dependencies of
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module B are pulled in. This avoids their being a single top level view of
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the project, rather each gyp file expresses knowledge about its immediate
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neighbors. This keep local knowledge local. CMake effectively has a large
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shared global namespace.
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5. Cross platform generation. CMake is not able to generate all project
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files on all platforms. For example xcode projects cannot be generated from
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windows (cmake uses mac specific libraries to do project generation). This
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means that for instance generating a tarball containing pregenerated
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projects for all platforms is hard with Cmake (requires distribution to
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several machine types).
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6. Gyp has rudimentary cross compile support. Currently we've added enough
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functionality to gyp to support x86 -> arm cross compiles. Last I checked
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this functionality wasn't present in cmake. (This occurred later).
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That being said there are a number of drawbacks currently to gyp:
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1. Because platform specific settings are expressed at the project file
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level (rather than the command line level). Settings which might otherwise
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be shared in common between platforms (flags to gcc on mac/linux), end up
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being repeated twice. Though in fairness there is actually less sharing here
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than you'd think. include_dirs and defines actually represent 90% of what
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can be typically shared.
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2. CMake may be more mature, having been applied to a broader range of
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projects. There a number of 'tool modules' for cmake, which are shared in a
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common community.
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3. gyp currently makes some nasty assumptions about the availability of
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chromium's hermetic copy of cygwin on windows. This causes you to either
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have to special case a number of rules, or swallow this copy of cygwin as a
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build time dependency.
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4. CMake includes a fairly readable imperative language. Currently Gyp has a
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somewhat poorly specified declarative language (variable expansion happens
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in sometimes weird and counter-intuitive ways). In fairness though, gyp assumes
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that external python scripts can be used as an escape hatch. Also gyp avoids
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a lot of the things you'd need imperative code for, by having a nice target
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settings publication mechanism.
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5. (Feature/drawback depending on personal preference). Gyp's syntax is
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DEEPLY nested. It suffers from all of Lisp's advantages and drawbacks.
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-BradN
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```
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# Hacking
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## Getting the sources
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Git is required to hack on anything, you can set up a git clone of GYP
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as follows:
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```
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mkdir foo
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cd foo
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git clone git@github.com:nodejs/gyp-next.git
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cd gyp
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```
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(this will clone gyp underneath it into `foo/gyp`.
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`foo` can be any directory name you want. Once you've done that,
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you can use the repo like anything other Git repo.
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## Testing your change
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GYP has a suite of tests which you can run with the provided test driver
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to make sure your changes aren't breaking anything important.
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You run the test driver with e.g.
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``` sh
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$ python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools
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$ pip install --editable ".[dev]"
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$ python -m pytest
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```
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See [Testing](Testing.md) for more details on the test framework.
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Note that it can be handy to look at the project files output by the tests
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to diagnose problems. The easiest way to do that is by kindly asking the
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test driver to leave the temporary directories it creates in-place.
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This is done by setting the enviroment variable "PRESERVE", e.g.
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```
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set PRESERVE=all # On Windows
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export PRESERVE=all # On saner platforms.
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```
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## Reviewing your change
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All changes to GYP must be code reviewed before submission.

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