feat: updates UserAuthorizer to support retrieving token response directly with different client auth types (#1486)

* feat: updates UserAuthorizer to support retrieving token response directly

* fix: cleanup

* fix: review

* fix: review suggestions

* fix: incorrect import

* fix: adds missing check

Author: lsirac

oauth2_http/java/com/google/auth/oauth2/OAuth2Utils.java

@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@
 import com.google.api.client.util.SecurityUtils;
 import com.google.auth.http.AuthHttpConstants;
 import com.google.auth.http.HttpTransportFactory;
+import com.google.common.base.Strings;
+import com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding;
 import com.google.common.io.ByteStreams;
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
 import java.io.File;
@@ -80,6 +82,7 @@ class OAuth2Utils {
       "https://iamcredentials.%s/v1/projects/-/serviceAccounts/%s:generateIdToken";
 
   static final URI TOKEN_SERVER_URI = URI.create("https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token");
+
   static final URI TOKEN_REVOKE_URI = URI.create("https://oauth2.googleapis.com/revoke");
   static final URI USER_AUTH_URI = URI.create("https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth");
 
@@ -261,5 +264,26 @@ static PrivateKey privateKeyFromPkcs8(String privateKeyPkcs8) throws IOException
     throw new IOException("Unexpected exception reading PKCS#8 data", unexpectedException);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Generates a Basic Authentication header string for the provided username and password.
+   *
+   * <p>This method constructs a Basic Authentication string using the provided username and
+   * password. The credentials are encoded in Base64 format and prefixed with the "Basic " scheme
+   * identifier.
+   *
+   * @param username The username for authentication.
+   * @param password The password for authentication.
+   * @return The Basic Authentication header value.
+   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either username or password is null or empty.
+   */
+  static String generateBasicAuthHeader(String username, String password) {
+    if (Strings.isNullOrEmpty(username) || Strings.isNullOrEmpty(password)) {
+      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Username and password cannot be null or empty.");
+    }
+    String credentials = username + ":" + password;
+    String encodedCredentials = BaseEncoding.base64().encode(credentials.getBytes());
+    return "Basic " + encodedCredentials;
+  }
+
   private OAuth2Utils() {}
 }