starlette.py

from __future__ import absolute_import

import asyncio
import functools
import threading

from sentry_sdk._compat import iteritems
from sentry_sdk._types import MYPY
from sentry_sdk.consts import OP
from sentry_sdk.hub import Hub, _should_send_default_pii
from sentry_sdk.integrations import DidNotEnable, Integration
from sentry_sdk.integrations._wsgi_common import (
    _is_json_content_type,
    request_body_within_bounds,
)
from sentry_sdk.integrations.asgi import SentryAsgiMiddleware
from sentry_sdk.tracing import SOURCE_FOR_STYLE, TRANSACTION_SOURCE_ROUTE
from sentry_sdk.utils import (
    AnnotatedValue,
    capture_internal_exceptions,
    event_from_exception,
    transaction_from_function,
)

if MYPY:
    from typing import Any, Awaitable, Callable, Dict, Optional

    from sentry_sdk.scope import Scope as SentryScope

try:
    import starlette  # type: ignore
    from starlette.applications import Starlette  # type: ignore
    from starlette.datastructures import UploadFile  # type: ignore
    from starlette.middleware import Middleware  # type: ignore
    from starlette.middleware.authentication import (  # type: ignore
        AuthenticationMiddleware,
    )
    from starlette.requests import Request  # type: ignore
    from starlette.routing import Match  # type: ignore
    from starlette.types import ASGIApp, Receive, Scope as StarletteScope, Send  # type: ignore
except ImportError:
    raise DidNotEnable("Starlette is not installed")

try:
    # Starlette 0.20
    from starlette.middleware.exceptions import ExceptionMiddleware  # type: ignore
except ImportError:
    # Startlette 0.19.1
    from starlette.exceptions import ExceptionMiddleware  # type: ignore

try:
    # Optional dependency of Starlette to parse form data.
    import multipart  # type: ignore
except ImportError:
    multipart = None


_DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_NAME = "generic Starlette request"

TRANSACTION_STYLE_VALUES = ("endpoint", "url")


class StarletteIntegration(Integration):
    identifier = "starlette"

    transaction_style = ""

    def __init__(self, transaction_style="url"):
        # type: (str) -> None
        if transaction_style not in TRANSACTION_STYLE_VALUES:
            raise ValueError(
                "Invalid value for transaction_style: %s (must be in %s)"
                % (transaction_style, TRANSACTION_STYLE_VALUES)
            )
        self.transaction_style = transaction_style

    @staticmethod
    def setup_once():
        # type: () -> None
        patch_middlewares()
        patch_asgi_app()
        patch_request_response()


def _enable_span_for_middleware(middleware_class):
    # type: (Any) -> type
    old_call = middleware_class.__call__

    async def _create_span_call(app, scope, receive, send, **kwargs):
        # type: (Any, Dict[str, Any], Callable[[], Awaitable[Dict[str, Any]]], Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[None]], Any) -> None
        hub = Hub.current
        integration = hub.get_integration(StarletteIntegration)
        if integration is not None:
            middleware_name = app.__class__.__name__

            with hub.start_span(
                op=OP.MIDDLEWARE_STARLETTE, description=middleware_name
            ) as middleware_span:
                middleware_span.set_tag("starlette.middleware_name", middleware_name)

                # Creating spans for the "receive" callback
                async def _sentry_receive(*args, **kwargs):
                    # type: (*Any, **Any) -> Any
                    hub = Hub.current
                    with hub.start_span(
                        op=OP.MIDDLEWARE_STARLETTE_RECEIVE,
                        description=getattr(receive, "__qualname__", str(receive)),
                    ) as span:
                        span.set_tag("starlette.middleware_name", middleware_name)
                        return await receive(*args, **kwargs)

                receive_name = getattr(receive, "__name__", str(receive))
                receive_patched = receive_name == "_sentry_receive"
                new_receive = _sentry_receive if not receive_patched else receive

                # Creating spans for the "send" callback
                async def _sentry_send(*args, **kwargs):
                    # type: (*Any, **Any) -> Any
                    hub = Hub.current
                    with hub.start_span(
                        op=OP.MIDDLEWARE_STARLETTE_SEND,
                        description=getattr(send, "__qualname__", str(send)),
                    ) as span:
                        span.set_tag("starlette.middleware_name", middleware_name)
                        return await send(*args, **kwargs)

                send_name = getattr(send, "__name__", str(send))
                send_patched = send_name == "_sentry_send"
                new_send = _sentry_send if not send_patched else send

                return await old_call(app, scope, new_receive, new_send, **kwargs)

        else:
            return await old_call(app, scope, receive, send, **kwargs)

    not_yet_patched = old_call.__name__ not in [
        "_create_span_call",
        "_sentry_authenticationmiddleware_call",
        "_sentry_exceptionmiddleware_call",
    ]

    if not_yet_patched:
        middleware_class.__call__ = _create_span_call

    return middleware_class


def _capture_exception(exception, handled=False):
    # type: (BaseException, **Any) -> None
    hub = Hub.current
    if hub.get_integration(StarletteIntegration) is None:
        return

    event, hint = event_from_exception(
        exception,
        client_options=hub.client.options if hub.client else None,
        mechanism={"type": StarletteIntegration.identifier, "handled": handled},
    )

    hub.capture_event(event, hint=hint)


def patch_exception_middleware(middleware_class):
    # type: (Any) -> None
    """
    Capture all exceptions in Starlette app and
    also extract user information.
    """
    old_middleware_init = middleware_class.__init__

    def _sentry_middleware_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # type: (Any, Any, Any) -> None
        old_middleware_init(self, *args, **kwargs)

        # Patch existing exception handlers
        old_handlers = self._exception_handlers.copy()

        async def _sentry_patched_exception_handler(self, *args, **kwargs):
            # type: (Any, Any, Any) -> None
            exp = args[0]

            is_http_server_error = (
                hasattr(exp, "status_code") and exp.status_code >= 500
            )
            if is_http_server_error:
                _capture_exception(exp, handled=True)

            # Find a matching handler
            old_handler = None
            for cls in type(exp).__mro__:
                if cls in old_handlers:
                    old_handler = old_handlers[cls]
                    break

            if old_handler is None:
                return

            if _is_async_callable(old_handler):
                return await old_handler(self, *args, **kwargs)
            else:
                return old_handler(self, *args, **kwargs)

        for key in self._exception_handlers.keys():
            self._exception_handlers[key] = _sentry_patched_exception_handler

    middleware_class.__init__ = _sentry_middleware_init

    old_call = middleware_class.__call__

    async def _sentry_exceptionmiddleware_call(self, scope, receive, send):
        # type: (Dict[str, Any], Dict[str, Any], Callable[[], Awaitable[Dict[str, Any]]], Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[None]]) -> None
        # Also add the user (that was eventually set by be Authentication middle
        # that was called before this middleware). This is done because the authentication
        # middleware sets the user in the scope and then (in the same function)
        # calls this exception middelware. In case there is no exception (or no handler
        # for the type of exception occuring) then the exception bubbles up and setting the
        # user information into the sentry scope is done in auth middleware and the
        # ASGI middleware will then send everything to Sentry and this is fine.
        # But if there is an exception happening that the exception middleware here
        # has a handler for, it will send the exception directly to Sentry, so we need
        # the user information right now.
        # This is why we do it here.
        _add_user_to_sentry_scope(scope)
        await old_call(self, scope, receive, send)

    middleware_class.__call__ = _sentry_exceptionmiddleware_call


def _add_user_to_sentry_scope(scope):
    # type: (Dict[str, Any]) -> None
    """
    Extracts user information from the ASGI scope and
    adds it to Sentry's scope.
    """
    if "user" not in scope:
        return

    if not _should_send_default_pii():
        return

    hub = Hub.current
    if hub.get_integration(StarletteIntegration) is None:
        return

    with hub.configure_scope() as sentry_scope:
        user_info = {}  # type: Dict[str, Any]
        starlette_user = scope["user"]

        username = getattr(starlette_user, "username", None)
        if username:
            user_info.setdefault("username", starlette_user.username)

        user_id = getattr(starlette_user, "id", None)
        if user_id:
            user_info.setdefault("id", starlette_user.id)

        email = getattr(starlette_user, "email", None)
        if email:
            user_info.setdefault("email", starlette_user.email)

        sentry_scope.user = user_info


def patch_authentication_middleware(middleware_class):
    # type: (Any) -> None
    """
    Add user information to Sentry scope.
    """
    old_call = middleware_class.__call__

    async def _sentry_authenticationmiddleware_call(self, scope, receive, send):
        # type: (Dict[str, Any], Dict[str, Any], Callable[[], Awaitable[Dict[str, Any]]], Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[None]]) -> None
        await old_call(self, scope, receive, send)
        _add_user_to_sentry_scope(scope)

    middleware_class.__call__ = _sentry_authenticationmiddleware_call


def patch_middlewares():
    # type: () -> None
    """
    Patches Starlettes `Middleware` class to record
    spans for every middleware invoked.
    """
    old_middleware_init = Middleware.__init__

    not_yet_patched = "_sentry_middleware_init" not in str(old_middleware_init)

    if not_yet_patched:

        def _sentry_middleware_init(self, cls, **options):
            # type: (Any, Any, Any) -> None
            if cls == SentryAsgiMiddleware:
                return old_middleware_init(self, cls, **options)

            span_enabled_cls = _enable_span_for_middleware(cls)
            old_middleware_init(self, span_enabled_cls, **options)

            if cls == AuthenticationMiddleware:
                patch_authentication_middleware(cls)

            if cls == ExceptionMiddleware:
                patch_exception_middleware(cls)

        Middleware.__init__ = _sentry_middleware_init


def patch_asgi_app():
    # type: () -> None
    """
    Instrument Starlette ASGI app using the SentryAsgiMiddleware.
    """
    old_app = Starlette.__call__

    async def _sentry_patched_asgi_app(self, scope, receive, send):
        # type: (Starlette, StarletteScope, Receive, Send) -> None
        if Hub.current.get_integration(StarletteIntegration) is None:
            return await old_app(self, scope, receive, send)

        middleware = SentryAsgiMiddleware(
            lambda *a, **kw: old_app(self, *a, **kw),
            mechanism_type=StarletteIntegration.identifier,
        )

        middleware.__call__ = middleware._run_asgi3
        return await middleware(scope, receive, send)

    Starlette.__call__ = _sentry_patched_asgi_app


# This was vendored in from Starlette to support Starlette 0.19.1 because
# this function was only introduced in 0.20.x
def _is_async_callable(obj):
    # type: (Any) -> bool
    while isinstance(obj, functools.partial):
        obj = obj.func

    return asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(obj) or (
        callable(obj) and asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(obj.__call__)
    )


def patch_request_response():
    # type: () -> None
    old_request_response = starlette.routing.request_response

    def _sentry_request_response(func):
        # type: (Callable[[Any], Any]) -> ASGIApp
        old_func = func

        is_coroutine = _is_async_callable(old_func)
        if is_coroutine:

            async def _sentry_async_func(*args, **kwargs):
                # type: (*Any, **Any) -> Any
                hub = Hub.current
                integration = hub.get_integration(StarletteIntegration)
                if integration is None:
                    return await old_func(*args, **kwargs)

                with hub.configure_scope() as sentry_scope:
                    request = args[0]

                    _set_transaction_name_and_source(
                        sentry_scope, integration.transaction_style, request
                    )

                    extractor = StarletteRequestExtractor(request)
                    info = await extractor.extract_request_info()

                    def _make_request_event_processor(req, integration):
                        # type: (Any, Any) -> Callable[[Dict[str, Any], Dict[str, Any]], Dict[str, Any]]
                        def event_processor(event, hint):
                            # type: (Dict[str, Any], Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]

                            # Add info from request to event
                            request_info = event.get("request", {})
                            if info:
                                if "cookies" in info:
                                    request_info["cookies"] = info["cookies"]
                                if "data" in info:
                                    request_info["data"] = info["data"]
                            event["request"] = request_info

                            return event

                        return event_processor

                sentry_scope._name = StarletteIntegration.identifier
                sentry_scope.add_event_processor(
                    _make_request_event_processor(request, integration)
                )

                return await old_func(*args, **kwargs)

            func = _sentry_async_func
        else:

            def _sentry_sync_func(*args, **kwargs):
                # type: (*Any, **Any) -> Any
                hub = Hub.current
                integration = hub.get_integration(StarletteIntegration)
                if integration is None:
                    return old_func(*args, **kwargs)

                with hub.configure_scope() as sentry_scope:
                    if sentry_scope.profile is not None:
                        sentry_scope.profile.active_thread_id = (
                            threading.current_thread().ident
                        )

                    request = args[0]

                    _set_transaction_name_and_source(
                        sentry_scope, integration.transaction_style, request
                    )

                    extractor = StarletteRequestExtractor(request)
                    cookies = extractor.extract_cookies_from_request()

                    def _make_request_event_processor(req, integration):
                        # type: (Any, Any) -> Callable[[Dict[str, Any], Dict[str, Any]], Dict[str, Any]]
                        def event_processor(event, hint):
                            # type: (Dict[str, Any], Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]

                            # Extract information from request
                            request_info = event.get("request", {})
                            if cookies:
                                request_info["cookies"] = cookies

                            event["request"] = request_info

                            return event

                        return event_processor

                sentry_scope._name = StarletteIntegration.identifier
                sentry_scope.add_event_processor(
                    _make_request_event_processor(request, integration)
                )

                return old_func(*args, **kwargs)

            func = _sentry_sync_func

        return old_request_response(func)

    starlette.routing.request_response = _sentry_request_response


class StarletteRequestExtractor:
    """
    Extracts useful information from the Starlette request
    (like form data or cookies) and adds it to the Sentry event.
    """

    request = None  # type: Request

    def __init__(self, request):
        # type: (StarletteRequestExtractor, Request) -> None
        self.request = request

    def extract_cookies_from_request(self):
        # type: (StarletteRequestExtractor) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]
        client = Hub.current.client
        if client is None:
            return None

        cookies = None  # type: Optional[Dict[str, Any]]
        if _should_send_default_pii():
            cookies = self.cookies()

        return cookies

    async def extract_request_info(self):
        # type: (StarletteRequestExtractor) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]
        client = Hub.current.client
        if client is None:
            return None

        request_info = {}  # type: Dict[str, Any]

        with capture_internal_exceptions():
            # Add cookies
            if _should_send_default_pii():
                request_info["cookies"] = self.cookies()

            # If there is no body, just return the cookies
            content_length = await self.content_length()
            if not content_length:
                return request_info

            # Add annotation if body is too big
            if content_length and not request_body_within_bounds(
                client, content_length
            ):
                request_info["data"] = AnnotatedValue.removed_because_over_size_limit()
                return request_info

            # Add JSON body, if it is a JSON request
            json = await self.json()
            if json:
                request_info["data"] = json
                return request_info

            # Add form as key/value pairs, if request has form data
            form = await self.form()
            if form:
                form_data = {}
                for key, val in iteritems(form):
                    is_file = isinstance(val, UploadFile)
                    form_data[key] = (
                        val
                        if not is_file
                        else AnnotatedValue.removed_because_raw_data()
                    )

                request_info["data"] = form_data
                return request_info

            # Raw data, do not add body just an annotation
            request_info["data"] = AnnotatedValue.removed_because_raw_data()
            return request_info

    async def content_length(self):
        # type: (StarletteRequestExtractor) -> Optional[int]
        if "content-length" in self.request.headers:
            return int(self.request.headers["content-length"])

        return None

    def cookies(self):
        # type: (StarletteRequestExtractor) -> Dict[str, Any]
        return self.request.cookies

    async def form(self):
        # type: (StarletteRequestExtractor) -> Any
        if multipart is None:
            return None

        # Parse the body first to get it cached, as Starlette does not cache form() as it
        # does with body() and json() https://github.com/encode/starlette/discussions/1933
        # Calling `.form()` without calling `.body()` first will
        # potentially break the users project.
        await self.request.body()

        return await self.request.form()

    def is_json(self):
        # type: (StarletteRequestExtractor) -> bool
        return _is_json_content_type(self.request.headers.get("content-type"))

    async def json(self):
        # type: (StarletteRequestExtractor) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]
        if not self.is_json():
            return None

        return await self.request.json()


def _set_transaction_name_and_source(scope, transaction_style, request):
    # type: (SentryScope, str, Any) -> None
    name = ""

    if transaction_style == "endpoint":
        endpoint = request.scope.get("endpoint")
        if endpoint:
            name = transaction_from_function(endpoint) or ""

    elif transaction_style == "url":
        router = request.scope["router"]
        for route in router.routes:
            match = route.matches(request.scope)

            if match[0] == Match.FULL:
                if transaction_style == "endpoint":
                    name = transaction_from_function(match[1]["endpoint"]) or ""
                    break
                elif transaction_style == "url":
                    name = route.path
                    break

    if not name:
        name = _DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_NAME
        source = TRANSACTION_SOURCE_ROUTE
    else:
        source = SOURCE_FOR_STYLE[transaction_style]

    scope.set_transaction_name(name, source=source)