feat: add initial support for uv

[mkniewallner]

Note

Review commit by commit is recommended, as there are initial refactoring steps to make the implementation easier.

Towards #813.

PR Checklist

• A description of the changes is added to the description of this PR.
• If there is a related issue, make sure it is linked to this PR.
• If you've fixed a bug or added code that should be tested, add tests!
• If you've added or modified a feature, documentation in docs is updated

Description of changes

First step towards supporting uv. For now, support is limited to reading development dependencies from [tool.uv.dev-dependencies], as specified in the documentation. Later on, we can also consider adding support for workspaces, but this is more complex to handle.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 96.00000% with 2 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 92.1%. Comparing base (4e82f7a) to head (1533184).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Files	Patch %	Lines
python/deptry/dependency_getter/pep621/uv.py	88.2%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##            main    #816     +/-   ##
=======================================
- Coverage   92.3%   92.1%   -0.2%     
=======================================
  Files         36      37      +1     
  Lines        965     992     +27     
  Branches     173     175      +2     
=======================================
+ Hits         891     914     +23     
- Misses        58      62      +4     
  Partials      16      16             

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