fix(cdk/table): run differ for all columns (#30012)

* fix(cdk/table): run differ for all columns

* fix(cdk/table): include comment

---------

Co-authored-by: Andrew Seguin <andrewseguin@google.com>
(cherry picked from commit f1c4173)

Author: andrewseguin

src/cdk/table/table.ts

@@ -1094,7 +1094,12 @@ export class CdkTable<T>
    * re-render that section.
    */
   private _renderUpdatedColumns(): boolean {
-    const columnsDiffReducer = (acc: boolean, def: BaseRowDef) => acc || !!def.getColumnsDiff();
+    const columnsDiffReducer = (acc: boolean, def: BaseRowDef) => {
+      // The differ should be run for every column, even if `acc` is already
+      // true (see #29922)
+      const diff = !!def.getColumnsDiff();
+      return acc || diff;
+    };
 
     // Force re-render data rows if the list of column definitions have changed.
     const dataColumnsChanged = this._rowDefs.reduce(columnsDiffReducer, false);