feat(zone.js): add jest fakeTimers support

[JiaLiPassion]

Close #38851, support jest fakeTimers APIs' integration with fakeAsync().
After enable this feature, calling jest.useFakeTimers() will make all test
run into fakeAsync() automatically.

beforeEach(() => {
    jest.useFakeTimers('modern');
  });
  afterEach(() => {
    jest.useRealTimers();
  });

  test('should run into fakeAsync() automatically', () => {
    const fakeAsyncZoneSpec = Zone.current.get('FakeAsyncTestZoneSpec');
    expect(fakeAsyncZoneSpec).toBeTruthy();
  });

Also there are mappings between jest and zone APIs.

• jest.runAllTicks() will call flushMicrotasks().
• jest.runAllTimers() will call flush().
• jest.advanceTimersByTime() will call tick()
• jest.runOnlyPendingTimers() will call flushOnlyPendingTimers()
• jest.advanceTimersToNextTimer() will call tickToNext()
• jest.clearAllTimers() will call removeAllTimers()
• jest.getTimerCount() will call getTimerCount()

[ahnpnl]

I like this 👍

• Regarding to mapping between jest and zone APIs, that can be added to jest-preset-angular README so users don't always have to look into this PR.

• Regarding to detail usage, maybe jest-preset-angular can add to README as well for convenience.

[JiaLiPassion]

@ahnpnl , thanks, and this feature will not affect current zone.js integration with jest. So we can keep the backward compatibility for jest version <27, and also since jest use kind of sandbox for every test file, so I have to use a new test environment https://github.com/angular/angular/pull/39016/files#diff-90d0b342f3b5fa57a61adfc412606ddc to do the monkey patch, I will create a PR in jest-angular-preset to do it.

And since I am planning to add a new doc for jest integration later, so I will create doc in another PR.

[mhevery]

presubmit

[IgorMinar]

lgtm, but I have to admit that I don't have the domain knowledge to thoroughly review some parts of this PR.

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